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    • 20 ื‘ื“ืฆืžืณ 2020

ืคืจืง ื‘': ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืฉืžื™ื ืืจืฅ ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืคืจืง ื‘' ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืจื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช: "ืึตื™ื›ึธื” ื™ึธืขึดื™ื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืคึผื•ึน ื”' ืึถืช ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ, ื”ึดืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืšึฐ ืžึดืฉืึผึธืžึทื™ึดื ืึถืจึถืฅ ืชึผึดืคึฐืึถืจึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื–ึธื›ึทืจ ื”ึฒื“ึนื ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืึทืคึผื•ึน" (ืื™ื›ื” ื‘', ื). ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื ืคื™ืœื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื‘ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื™ื›ื”; ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื - ื”ื•ื ืคืชื— ื‘"ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืื•ืจ", ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื• โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืคืชื— ื‘ื”ื—ืฉื›ื”: "ืึตื™ื›ึธื” ื™ึธืขึดื™ื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืคึผื•ึน ื”' ืึถืช ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ?". ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉืš - ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืžื•ืฉื ื”ืžืคืœื”. ืขืœ ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ: "ื”ึดืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืšึฐ ืžึดืฉืึผึธืžึทื™ึดื ืึถืจึถืฅ ืชึผึดืคึฐืึถืจึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" โ€“ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืช ืชืคืืจืชื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื ืžื•ืš. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื›ื— ืืช ืขืžื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”: "ื•ึฐืœึนื ื–ึธื›ึทืจ ื”ึฒื“ึนื ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืึทืคึผื•ึน".


ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ืืฆืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžืœื•ื ืชืคืืจืชื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช, ื•ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื“ื” ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื”.: "ืžืฉืœ ืœืžืœืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ื›ื” - ื•ื ืชื ื• ืื‘ื™ื• ืขืœ ืืจื›ื‘ื•ืชื™ื•, ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ื” - ื•ื ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ื•, ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ื” - ื•ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื•, ื˜ื™ื ืฃ ืขืœื™ื• - ื•ืžื™ื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื• ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื™ [ื”ื™ืชื”] ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื• ื›ืขืœื™ื™ืชื•, ืขืœื” ืžืขื˜ ืžืขื˜ ื•ื™ืจื“ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื›ืš ื ื”ื’ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžืชื—ืœื” (ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™"ื) "ื•ืื ื›ื™ ืชืจื’ืœืชื™ ืœืืคืจื™ื ืงื—ื ืขืœ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ื•" ื•ืื—"ื› (ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™') "ืืจื›ื™ื‘ ืืคืจื™ื", ื•ืื—"ื› โ€“ "ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืฉืžื™ื ืืจืฅ" (ืื™ื›ื” ื‘)".


ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื›ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืชืคืืจืชื• ื›ืš ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฆืจืชื•. ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ (ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”:) ืžืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืกืคืจ ืงื™ื ื•ืช (ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืื™ื›ื”) ื•ืงื•ืจื ื‘ื•, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืคืจืงื ื• ("ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืฉืžื™ื ืืจืฅ ื•ื›ื•'") โ€“ ื”ืกืคืจ ื ืคืœ ืžื™ื“ื•. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™: "ืžืื™ื’ืจื ืจืžื ืœื‘ื™ืจื ืขืžื™ืงืชื" [ืžื”ื’ื’ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืœื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืง]. ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืงืจื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืงื™ื ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื’ื’, ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื’ืœื’ืœ ืžื™ื“ื• ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืคืกื•ืง ื”ืืžื•ืจ. ืืš ื”ืกืคืจ ืœื ื ืคืœ ืœืืจืฅ (ืœืงืจืงืข) ืืœื ืœืžืงื•ื ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื” โ€“ ืืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืง. ืื– ื“ื™ื™ืง ืจื‘ื™: "ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืฉืžื™ื ืืจืฅ", ื•ืœื: "ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืฉืžื™ื ืœืืจืฅ", ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื ืคื™ืœื”; ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืืช ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืžื”ืืจืฅ ื’ื ื™ื—ื“, ื›ืš ืฉื’ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื ืœื ืžืฆืื• ืžื ื•ื— ืœื›ืฃ ืจื’ืœื.


ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื—ืžื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืžืคืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืžืชื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ื•ืช ืืœื ื“ืจืกื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช. ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ื›ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืกืคืจ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื ื•ืคืœ ืœื‘ื•ืจ, ืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืจืฅ ื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ืžื ืฉืง ืื•ืชื• ื•ืžื—ื‘ืง ืื•ืชื•. ื”ืกืคืจ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื›ื— ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื ื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืœื ื™ื‘ื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืขื ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ. ื›ืš ื’ื ื’ืื•ืœืชืŸ ื•ืชืงื•ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ืฉื”ืŸ ื’ื ื’ืื•ืœืช ื•ืชืงื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• - ืœื ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืžื•ื–ื ื—ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืง. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืœื•ืžืช ืื•ืจ ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื•ืจ, ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ืœื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื’ืฉืช ืœื”ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ืขืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ืฆ'ื‘ ืฉืจืื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืชืคื™ืœื™ื• ื ืคืœื• ื•ืžื™ื“ ื”ืจื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขืคืจ, ื ื™ืงื” ืื•ืชืŸ, ื ื™ืฉืง ืื•ืชืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื‘ืง ืื•ืชืŸ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืœื‘. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง: ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืจืื” ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืฉืœื•ื ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื—ื“ื•ืชืš, ื•ืืชื” โ€“ ื”"ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ" ืฉืœืš ื ืคืœื• (ื›ืžืืžืจ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืŸ: "ืžื™ ื›ืขืžืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื•ื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืืจืฅ"), ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืคืœ ืžืžืขืœืชื•, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืฉืขื” ืฉืชืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•, ืชื’ื‘ื™ื” ืืช ืงืจื ื ื• ื•ืชื—ื‘ืง ืื•ืชื ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœ ื”ืœื‘.


ืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื

ื”ืฆื’ ื”ื›ื•ืœ

ืคืจืง ื”': ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื ื• ื”' ืืœื™ืš ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื›ืงื“ื

ืืช ืคืจืง ื”' ืฉืœ ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืื™ื›ื” ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื ื™ ืžื™ืœื“ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš "ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช" ื”ื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืช ืœื™ืœ. ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื ื™ ืื™ืš ืฉืกื‘ื™, ื—ื›ื ื’ื•ืจื’'ื™ ื™ืื™ืจ ื–"ืœ, ื”ื™ื” ืงื ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื“ืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืฉ

ืคืจืง ื“': ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืจื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืœืื™ื ื‘ืคื–

ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื' ื•ื‘' ืฉืœ ืคืจืง ื“' ื”ื ืžืฉืœ ื•ื ืžืฉืœ. ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื–ื•ืขืง ืืช ื”ืžืฉืœ: "ืึตื™ื›ึธื” ื™ื•ึผืขึทื ื–ึธื”ึธื‘, ื™ึดืฉืึฐื ึถื ื”ึทื›ึผึถืชึถื ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘, ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตื›ึฐื ึธื” ืึทื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื‘ึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ื›ึผึธืœ ื—ื•ึผืฆื•ึนืช?" (ืื™ื›ื” ื“', ื) โ€“ ืื™ืš ืงืจื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื“

ืคืจืง ื’': ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืชื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืชืฉื•ื— ืขืœื™ ื ืคืฉื™, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื•ื—ื™ืœ

ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืื™ื›ื”, ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืงื™ื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื"ื‘, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืคืจืงื ื• ื”ืืœืคื ื‘ื™ืชื ืžืฉื•ืœืฉืช ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืคืกื•ืงื™ื. ื‘ืคืจืง ื’' ื™ืฉื ื” ืืžื™ืจื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื: "ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึทื’ึผึถื‘ึถืจ

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